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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of anal dimple anorectoplasty on female infants with congenital anal atresia combined rectal vestibular fistula.Methods:Clinical data of 69 female infants with congenital anal atresia combined rectal vestibular fistula admitted to Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2012 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into 2 groups according to the surgical methods: 34 cases of anal dimple anorectoplasty(group A) and 35 cases of anterior sagittal anorectoplasty(group B). The operation time, length of stay, short-term complications, long-term complications and bowel function (determined by the Rintala score at 6 months postoperatively) of the two groups were compared.The difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between groups was compared by Chi- square test, and the remaining differences between groups were compared by the paired t-test. Results:The operative time [(80.18±9.29) min vs.(103.85±8.26) min] and postoperative hospital stay[(6.10±1.52) d vs.(7.63±2.40) d] in group A were significantly shorter than those of group B ( t=11.40, 2.62; all P<0.05). The Rintala total score at 6 months postoperatively in group A was significantly higher than that of group B[(19.36±0.93) points vs.(18.76±0.44) points]( t=3.20, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidences of short-term [(4/34, 11.8%) vs.(7/35, 20.0%)] and long-term complications [(2/34, 5.9%) vs.(4/35, 11.4%)]between group A and group B ( χ2=0.75, 0.75; all P>0.05). Conclusions:Anal dimple anorectoplasty for female infants with congenital anal atresia combined rectal vestibular fistula is safe and effective.
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Background Emerging evidence has shown the damage of air pollution and the benefits of physical activity to human health, and the effects of air pollution and physical activity on the nervous system need more research. Objective To explore the effects of short-term air pollution exposure and physical activity on neural damage biomarkers in healthy elderly. Methods Using a design of panel study, physically and mentally healthy retired employees were recruited from Xinxiang Medical University, and were followed up five times regularly from December 2018 to April 2019. The demographic characteristics and physical activity information were obtained by questionnaire, and the weekly physical activity level was calculated according to intensity and duration of physical activity. Biomarkers of neural damage in serum were measured, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurofilament light chain (NF-L), neuron specific enolase (NSE), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B). Air pollution data (including PM2.5, PM10, O3, SO2, CO, and NO2) of the follow-up period were collected. Generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the association of air pollution concentration and physical activity level with the concentration of neural damage biomarkers. Results A total of 29 volunteers were included in the study, with an average age of (63.5±5.9) years; there were 11 men accounting for 37.93%; more than half of them (62.07%) received above junior middle school education; the mean physical activity level was (80.23±54.51) MET-h·week−1. The daily average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, O3, SO2, CO, and NO2 during the study period were (68.27±60.98) μg·m−3, (130.57±58.71) μg·m−3, (36.86±13.89) μg·m−3, (17.86±10.59) μg·m−3, (4.94±1.34) mg·m−3, and (50.83±8.03) μg·m−3, respectively. The average serum concentrations of BDNF, NF-L, NSE, PGP9.5, and S100B were (139.12±46.71) μg·L−1, (402.60±183.31) ng·L−1, (11.26±10.32) ng·L−1, (14.32±13.57) ng·L−1, and (127.57±41.74) ng·L−1, respectively. The results of generalized estimation equation showed that a higher concentration of PM2.5 or O3 was associated with increased serum NSE (OR=1.359, 95%CI: 1.224-1.509, P<0.001; OR=1.286, 95%CI: 1.076-1.537, P=0.006), while a higher concentration of NO2 was associated with decreased serum NSE (OR=0.692, 95%CI: 0.549-0.873, P=0.002); a higher concentration of O3 or SO2 was related to the reduction of serum NF-L concentration (OR=0.855, 95%CI: 0.740-0.989, P=0.035; OR=0.813, 95%CI: 0.700-0.946, P=0.007); a higher concentration of NO2 was associated with decreased PGP9.5 in serum (OR=0.866, 95%CI: 0.777-0.965, P=0.009); a higher level of physical activity was associated with increased serum S100B (OR=1.038, 95%CI: 1.003-1.074, P=0.034); and no significant association of physical activity level or air pollution with BDNF (P>0.05). Conclusion Acute exposure to air pollution and high-level physical activity might affect the neural damage of elderly populations. Specifically, particulate matter (PM2.5) could increase NSE, while gaseous pollutants (O3, NO2, and SO2) could decrease NF-L and PGP9.5.
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Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is defined as non-protein coding transcript longer than 200 nucleotides. In the form of RNA, it affects gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and is widely involved in the body's pathophysiological processes. This review summarizes the research progress of lncRNA in the field of parasitology in order to find new targets for the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases.
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An unexpected observation among the COVID-19 pandemic is that smokers constituted only 1.4%-18.5% of hospitalized adults, calling for an urgent investigation to determine the role of smoking in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we show that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) increase ACE2 mRNA but trigger ACE2 protein catabolism. BaP induces an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent upregulation of the ubiquitin E3 ligase Skp2 for ACE2 ubiquitination. ACE2 in lung tissues of non-smokers is higher than in smokers, consistent with the findings that tobacco carcinogens downregulate ACE2 in mice. Tobacco carcinogens inhibit SARS-CoV-2 spike protein pseudovirions infection of the cells. Given that tobacco smoke accounts for 8 million deaths including 2.1 million cancer deaths annually and Skp2 is an oncoprotein, tobacco use should not be recommended and cessation plan should be prepared for smokers in COVID-19 pandemic.
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Adult , Animals , Humans , Mice , COVID-19 , Epithelial Cells , Lung , Pandemics , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A , SARS-CoV-2 , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus , Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the effect of nursing intervention on the biofeedback effect of functional constipation in children.@*Methods@#A total of 112 children (4-16 years old) who were diagnosed with functional constipation in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were randomly divided into the experimental group (54 cases) and the control group (53 cases). Children in the experimental group were treated with biofeedback training and personalized nursing intervention for functional constipation in children. The control group used biofeedback combined with traditional nursing intervention to treat functional constipation in children. The WHO-5 (World Health Organization′s five physical and mental health) scales were used to compare the effects of the two groups and were followed up for 3-6 months.@*Results@#A total of 107 children completed the study, 54 in the experimental group and 53 in the control group. There were no significant differences in the scores of the WHO-5 scale and clinical symptoms between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05). After intervention, the total score of WHO-5 in the experimental group was (21.69± 2.28), the total score of clinical symptoms was (6.56±1.16), the total score of WHO-5 in the control group was (17.85±3.189), and the total score of clinical symptoms was (9.04±2.121). The difference was significant (t=-7.146, t=7.491, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Personalized nursing intervention can enhance the effect of biofeedback training on children and adolescents with functional constipation and improve their quality of life.
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Objective To explore the value of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of recurrent inguinal hernia in children.Methods The clinical data of 67 cases receiving laparoscopic treatment for recurrent inguinal hernia in children at the Department of General Surgery,Wuhan Children's Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science & Technology were retrospectively analyzed,including the type of hernia recurrence,operation time,intraoperative and postoperative complications,such as short-term hydrocele formation and testicular atrophy and so on.Results In 67 cases,there were 65 males and 2 females.Open repair surgery and laparoscopic surgery were respectively performed in 48 cases and 19 cases for the first operation and the hernia defects were found after operation.Contralateral patent vaginal process deformities were found in 11 sides in the reoperation.Among 67 cases of recurrent inguinal hernia,incomplete ligation of hernia sac was found in 21 cases,low level ligation of hernia sac in 17 cases,no ligation of hernia sac in 14 cases,omissive direct inguinal hernia in 4 cases,loose ligation of hernia sac in 4 cases,overlarge inner ring in 4 cases,weak abdominal muscles in 2 cases,and increased abdominal pressure (long-term constipation,asthma) in 1 case.All the patients were treated by laparoscopic hernia repair and no serious complications occurred during the operation.The average time of unilateral operation was (15.0±2.2) minutes (13-25 minutes),and bilateral operation was (27.0±4.3) minutes (18-41 minutes).All patients were discharged on the second day.Two patients showed short-term postoperative hydrocele and were cured with conservative treatment.During the follow-up time of (23±2) months (9-39 months),no recurrence or testicular atrophy was found.Conclusions Laparoscopy can confirm the type of recurrent inguinal hernia and contribute to reduce postoperative recurrence.Laparoscopic management of recurrent inguinal hernia in children is safe and feasible,which is expected to replace open hernia repair.
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Aim To construct and express the eukary-otic expression vector of double-stranded RNA-depend-ent protein kinase (PKR)fusion green fluorescent and analyse its antiviral activity of HBV in vitro.Methods The PKR gene was cloned into an empty expression vector pEGFP-N1 using molecular clone technology. After being confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing methods,the recombinant plasmid was named as pEGFP-PKR that was subsequently transfect-ed into HepG2.2.15 cells using LipofectamineTM2000. The expression level of PKR in HepG2.2.15 cells was confirmed by using fluorescent microscopy. Mean-while,HBV DNA and HBsAg/HBeAg were detected by real-time PCR and electrochemiluminescence meth-od,respectively.Results Both restriction enyme di-gestion and sequencing assays showed that the recombi-nant vector pEGFP-PKR was successfully constructed in our study.Fluorescent microscopy observation indi-cated that the fusion protein pEGFP-PKR expressed ef-ficiently in HepG2.2.15 cells.Moreover,compared with the empty vector group,the expression of HBV antigen in supernatants was significantly decreased (P<0.05 ).However,the extracellular HBV DNA ex-pression was not inhibited significantly.Conclusion In vitro,PKR proteion has certain antiviral activity of HBV.